Road-making machine.



M. A. POPKESS.

ROAD MAKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JANQI, 1910.

Patented J an. 2, 1912.

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Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

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ROAD MAKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 31, 1910.

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. ROAD-MAKING Manama specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2,1912.

' I Application:lfiled January 31, 1910. Serial No. 540,993.

Be it known that I, MICHAEL A. rornnss,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented new and useful Improvements in Road-Making Machines, of which the following is a specification. f

This invention relates, to road-making machinery and consistsmore particularly 1n I a machine adapted Ito-travel over the sur- .face of the roadway to be treated and to inject a liquid binder below the surface, means being also'provided to preliminarily heat. the earthy material, if necessary, by

injecting into it below the surface, a blast.

. constructed andiadaptedffor the purposes lmentioned. Fig.2 is. a side View and partial longitudinalsection of, the means whereby the heat and the binder are applied or injected below the surface of the roadway. Fig. 3 is a partial underneath plan View of the same. Fig. 4 is a partial cross-section of the same, taken on the line 44 of Fig.

2. Figs. 5-to 11 inclusive are detail views of the different forms of teeth through which the flame and binder respectively, are injected-intothe earthbelow the surface. WhileI havelshownjn Fig. 1 an automobile vehicleequipped with all the necessary meansforpcrforming the work desired,itmustbeunderstood that the main features of my invention arecapable of use aseparatelyy EtS-yWlllrQPPQfil' clearly hereinafter. p

The machine of Fig. comprises a suitable frames 1, front steeringwheels 2 and rear driving-wheels, 3, the latter being operatively connected to an engine 4, carried on the frame. 5 represents the storage-tank ,for the liquid binder, which may be asphalt or any other suitable bituminous substance, and :6- represents apipe. for leading compressed-airintosaidtank. from a compressor 7 driven by the engine'4. 7 is a gasolene-tanlg-connected bya :pipe 8 to a mixer ,.9,.;into which compressed-air is also .led

through a pipe 10, from a blower 11, also driven'by the engine 4. 12 represents a hollow header, rectangular in shape and built up of plates and channel-irons, the same being suspended from the frame by chains 13, connected to hoistinggear 14,

whereby said header can be raised, as shown in Fig. 1, or lowered down onto the ground into operative position. The header 12 is divided into two compartments l5 and 16, see Fig. 2, into the former of which opens a telescopic tube 17, leading from the gasolene and air mixer 9, and into the compartment 16 opens a tube 18, leading from the binder-tank 5, said tube 18 having a flexible joint 19, to enable it to follow the vertical adjustments of the header 14, and a valve 20 to controlthe flow of binder to the header. Air-pipe 10 and gasolene-pipe 8 may also be provided with valves, if desired, or the control of the combustible mixture may bein the mixer 9, by any suitable, well-known means. Communicating with the interior of the header compartments 15 and 16 and projecting downwardly therefrom are a series of hollow barrow-teeth 25, wedge-shape in cross-section at the front, and provided with apertures opening rearwardly for the issuance of the flame or the binder, as the case may be, into the earth. These teeth may be straight, as shown in Figs. 1 to 10, or curved, as shown in Fig. 11. The rear side of each tooth is open and is closed by a plate 26, secured between the 'U-shaped walls of the tooth by bolts 27,

and provided with a passage or passages, as Wlll now be described. I

Referring to Figs. 4 to G and 11, the tooth therein shown is theone through which the flame is directed into the earth from compartment 15, and the closing plate 26 has an aperture 28 near its'lower .end for that purpose, it being desirable to inject the flame as farbeneath the surface as possible. The

thansthe outer part of the space between the side walls of thetopth, so that a vertical slot is left on each side of said plate for earth, tends to rise and, consequently it may bevdesirable to inject a greater quantity ,ofthe "binder-at the deepest point of the tooth than near thesurface.

In operation, the surface ,to be treated must usually be first plowed and harrowed and large stones removed, the machine being then caused to travel over such prepare surface, with the header lowered into contact with the surface and the teeth penetrating into the earth. It is not always necessaryto heat the road material before inject- I ing the binder, it being where the earth is moist, to drive off as much ing the binder, as, for instance, where the material is hot, dry sand and the binder is itselfheated, but the heating is desirable with. most kinds of surface material, as it drives off the moisture and enables the ,binder to thoroughly permeate and mix with the earth before congealing.

In Figi 1, I have shown a larger number of rows of teeth for heatin than for injecthighly desirable,

moisture as possible before injecting the binder. The reason for the gap or space between the rows' of heater teeth and of binder teeth, is to avoid overheating or burning the binder. The flat bottom of the header prevents access' of cold air to the heated earth and the result is a thorough intermixing of the earth and binder, whereby a hard, dustless and durable road-surface is produced. The weight of the header serves to compact and smooth the surface, but, of course, it

may be subsequently rolled.

The essence of my invention is the means by which the binder is caused to penetrate the heated and dried earth at a considerable distance below the surface, it having been found by experience that sprinkling the binder upon the surface and subsequently attempting to work it down into the earth does not give satisfactory durability to the road-.

way, under the present conditions of high-v speed travel.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. A machine for the purpose described, comprising a header adapted to he moved along in contact with the surface, a plurality of hollow teeth depending below said header and means to eject a liquid binder from the rear side of said teeth. f

2. A machine for the purpose described,

comprising a header adapted to be moved along in contact with the surface, a plurality of hollow teeth depending below said header and means-to inject a flame into the earth from the rear side of certain of said teeth and means to inject a binder'into the earth,

from the rear side of the other teeth.

'3. A machine for the purpose described, comprising a hollow header provided with means whereby it maybe movedalong in contact with the surface, a plurality of staggered rows of hollow teeth depending from.

gered rows of hollow teethrdepending from "and communicating with the interior of said header, the latter 'comprisingtwo comp'artments, one in front of the other, certain of said rows-of'teeth opening into oneof said compartments and other of said rows info the other compartment, means to supply a combustible mixture into the front one of said compartments, and means to supply a liquid binder into the other of said compartments.

.5. In a machine of the class described, a barrow-tooth for injecting a binder below the surface, the same being substantially U- shaped in cross-section, a closing-plate mounted between the side walls of said tooth and means to secure said plate to the tooth, openin s' being provided between said plate and said side walls 'for the passage of the binder.

'6. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of hollow harrow-teeth provided with apertures in the lowerends of the rear sides and means to supply a combustible mixture of air and gas thereto, of a plurality of-similar teeth arranged in the rear of said first teeth and having vertical slots or apertures in their rear sides and means to supply a liquid binder llh under pressure thereto;

7. A machine for surfacing roadways, comprising a wheeled frame, a tank for a liquid binder thereon, means to supply air under pressure to said tank, a plurality of hollow harrow teeth depending from and vertically adjustable on said frame, a pipe leading from said tank tosaidtee th, additional hollow harrow teeth similarly supported in front of said first-mentioned teeth and means carried by the frame to supply a mixture of air and gas to said additional teeth.

8. A machine for surfacing roadways,

comprising a plurality of hollow harrow teeth, provided With rear" openings near their binder into the earth from others of said lower ends, and means to force a combustiteeth. I v ble mixture of air and gas into said teeth. In testimony whereof have hei'eiinto set 9. A machine for surfacing roadway my hand in presence of ,tWo subscrlblng wit- 5 eomprisi'ng a hollow header adapted to'be nesses,

moved along in contact with the surface, a

plurality of hollow. teeth depending from MICHAEL POPKESS said header and communicating thereivith,' -Witnesses: means to inject a flame intothe earth from 'J. EDGAR BLACK,

10 certain of 'said teeth and means to inject a R.. BEST;

Go'pies'of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner" of- Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

